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Edgar Allan Poe was a writer and critic famous for his dark, mysterious poems and stories, including 'The Raven,' 'The Blackness Cat' and 'The Tell-Tale Eye.'

Who Was Edgar Allan Poe?

Edgar Allan Poe was an American writer, poet, critic and editor all-time known for evocative short stories and poems that captured the imagination and interest of readers around the world. His imaginative storytelling and tales of mystery and horror gave birth to the modern detective story.

Many of Poe's works, including "The Tell-Tale Middle" and "The Fall of the Firm of Usher," became literary classics. Some aspects of Poe's life, similar his literature, is shrouded in mystery, and the lines between fact and fiction have been blurred substantially since his death.

Early Life and Family unit

Poe was born on January nineteen, 1809, in Boston, Massachusetts.

Poe never actually knew his parents — Elizabeth Arnold Poe, a British actress, and David Poe, Jr., an actor who was born in Baltimore. His father left the family early in Poe's life, and his mother passed away from tuberculosis when he was only three.

Separated from his brother William and sister Rosalie, Poe went to live with John and Frances Allan, a successful tobacco merchant and his wife, in Richmond, Virginia. Edgar and Frances seemed to form a bail, but he had a more difficult relationship with John Allan.

By the historic period of thirteen, Poe was a prolific poet, merely his literary talents were discouraged by his headmaster and John Allan, who preferred that Poe follow him in the family business concern. Preferring poetry over profits, Poe reportedly wrote poems on the back of some of Allan's business papers.

Coin was also an issue between Poe and John Allan. Poe went to the University of Virginia in 1826, where he excelled in his classes. However, he didn't receive enough funds from Allan to cover all of his costs. Poe turned to gambling to embrace the difference, but ended upward in debt.

He returned home only to confront some other personal setback — his neighbor and fiancée Sarah Elmira Royster had become engaged to someone else. Heartbroken and frustrated, Poe moved to Boston.

Army and Westward Point

In 1827, around the time he published his start book, Poe joined the U.S. Regular army. 2 years later on, he learned that Frances Allan was dying of tuberculosis, but by the time he returned to Richmond she had already passed away.

While in Virginia, Poe and Allan briefly made peace with each other, and Allan helped Poe get an date to the United States Armed forces Academy at West Point. Poe excelled at his studies at West Indicate, only he was kicked out afterward a year for his poor handling of his duties.

During his fourth dimension at West Point, Poe had fought with his foster father, who had remarried without telling him. Some have speculated that Poe intentionally sought to be expelled to spite Allan, who eventually cutting ties with Poe.

Editor, Critic, Poet and Writer

After leaving Due west Bespeak, Poe published his tertiary book and focused on writing full-time. He traveled around in search of opportunity, living in New York City, Baltimore, Philadelphia and Richmond. In 1834, John Allan died, leaving Poe out of his will, but providing for an illegitimate child Allan had never met.

Poe, who continued to struggle living in poverty, got a break when i of his brusque stories won a contest in the Baltimore Saturday Visiter. He began to publish more than short stories and in 1835 landed an editorial position with the Southern Literary Messenger in Richmond.

Poe developed a reputation as a cut-throat critic, writing cruel reviews of his contemporaries. His scathing critiques earned him the nickname the "Tomahawk Man."

His tenure at the mag proved short. Poe's ambitious-reviewing way and sometimes combative personality strained his relationship with the publication, and he left the magazine in 1837. His problems with booze also played a office in his departure, according to some reports.

Poe went on to brief stints at Burton's Gentleman'southward Mag, Graham's Magazine, The Broadway Journal, and he also sold his work to Alexander'due south Weekly Messenger, among other journals.

In 1844, Poe moved to New York Urban center. There, he published a news story in The New York Sun about a balloon trip across the Atlantic Ocean that he afterwards revealed to be a hoax. His stunt grabbed attention, but it was his publication of "The Raven," in 1845, which made Poe a literary awareness.

That same year, Poe found himself under set on for his stinging criticisms of fellow poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. Poe claimed that Longfellow, a widely popular literary figure, was a plagiarist, which resulted in a backfire confronting Poe.

Despite his success and popularity as a writer, Poe continued to struggle financially and he advocated for higher wages for writers and an international copyright constabulary.

Married woman

From 1831 to 1835, Poe lived in Baltimore, where his male parent was built-in, with his aunt Maria Clemm and her daughter, his cousin Virginia. He began to devote his attention to Virginia, who became his literary inspiration also as his love interest.

The couple married in 1836 when she was merely 13 years old. In 1847, at the age of 24 — the same age when Poe's mother and brother besides died — Virginia passed away from tuberculosis.

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Poe was overcome by grief post-obit her expiry, and although he continued to work, he suffered from poor health and struggled financially until his death in 1849.

Poems

Poe self-published his first book, Tamerlane and Other Poems, in 1827. His second poetry drove, Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane, and Minor Poems, was published in 1829.

As a critic at the Southern Literary Messenger in Richmond from 1835 to 1837, Poe published some of his own works in the mag, including ii parts of his only novel, The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym.

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Short Stories

In tardily 1830s, Poe published Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque, a collection of short stories. Information technology contained several of his most spine-tingling tales, including "The Fall of the House of Usher," "Ligeia" and "William Wilson."

In 1841, Poe launched the new genre of detective fiction with "The Murders in the Rue Morgue." His literary innovations earned him the nickname "Father of the Detective Story." A author on the rise, he won a literary prize in 1843 for "The Gold Bug," a suspenseful tale of cloak-and-dagger codes and hunting treasure.

'The Black Cat'

Poe's brusque story "The Black Cat" was published in 1843 in The Saturday Evening Mail service. In it, the narrator, a one-time brute lover, becomes an alcoholic who begins abusing his wife and black cat. By the macabre story's finish, the narrator observes his own descent into madness as he kills his married woman, a criminal offense his black cat reports to the police. The story was later included in the 1845 brusque story collection, Tales by Edgar Allan Poe.

'The Raven'

Poe's poem "The Raven," published in 1845 in the New York Evening Mirror, is considered amid the all-time-known poems in American literature and ane of the best of Poe's career. An unknown narrator laments the demise of his corking beloved Lenore and is visited past a raven, who insistently repeats ane word: "Nevermore." In the work, which consists of 18 six-line stanzas, Poe explored some of his common themes — death and loss.

'Annabel Lee'

This lyric verse form once more explores Poe's themes of death and loss and may have been written in retention of his honey wife Virginia, who died ii years prior. The poem was published on Oct 9, 1849, two days subsequently Poe's death, in the New York Tribune.

Later in his career, Poe continued to work in different forms, examining his own methodology and writing in general in several essays, including "The Philosophy of Composition," "The Poetic Principle" and "The Rationale of Verse." He too produced the thrilling tale, "The Cask of Amontillado," and poems such as "Ulalume" and "The Bells."

Death

Poe died on October 7, 1849. His last days remain somewhat of a mystery. Poe left Richmond on September 27, 1849, and was supposedly on his mode to Philadelphia.

On Oct 3, he was found in Baltimore in neat distress. Poe was taken to Washington Higher Infirmary, where he died four days later on. His last words were "Lord, help my poor soul."

At the time, information technology was said that Poe died of "congestion of the brain." Merely his actual cause of death has been the subject of endless speculation.

Some experts believe that alcoholism led to his demise while others offer upwardly alternative theories. Rabies, epilepsy and carbon monoxide poisoning are just some of the conditions thought to take led to the great writer'south decease.

Legacy

Before long after his passing, Poe's reputation was badly damaged past his literary adversary Rufus Griswold. Griswold, who had been sharply criticized by Poe, took his revenge in his obituary of Poe, portraying the gifted yet troubled writer equally a mentally deranged drunkard and womanizer.

He also penned the first biography of Poe, which helped cement some of these misconceptions in the public's minds.

While he never had financial success in his lifetime, Poe has become one of America'south nigh enduring writers. His works are as compelling today every bit they were more than a century ago.

An innovative and imaginative thinker, Poe crafted stories and poems that nonetheless daze, surprise and move mod readers. His dark work influenced writers including Charles Baudelaire, Fyodor Dostoyevsky and Stephane Mallarme.

House and Museum

The Baltimore home where Poe stayed from 1831 to 1835 with his aunt Maria Clemm and her daughter, Poe's cousin and futurity wife Virginia, is now a museum.

The Edgar Allan Poe Business firm offers a self-guided tour featuring exhibits on Poe'southward foster parents, his life and death in Baltimore and the poems and short stories he wrote while living at that place, equally well as memorabilia including his chair and desk-bound.

Scout "The Mystery of Edgar Allan Poe" on HISTORY Vault

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Source: https://www.biography.com/writer/edgar-allan-poe

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